pinnule

The quantification of galls per pinnule was made from 20 samples, which were obtained from 12 plant individuals at the study site.

A 3 mm X 5 mm square leaf sample was sectioned from the centre of a pinnule (leaflet) (between the midrib and the pinnule margin) collected from a central pinna.

Fronds divided into 4-6 pinnule pairs; rachis winged 2.

Of these, most are attached to fragmentary, ultimate pinnae (Halle 1927, 1933; Arnold 1937; Zodrow and McCandlish 1980b) without pinnule replacement, or to fragmentary axes (Drinnan et al.

1) on the basis of the overall morphology, size and pinnule shape and despite the indistinct venation.

A particularly conspicuous feature of many scrambling/climbing pteridosperms is marginal thickenings of the lateral pinnule veins (e.g., in Blanzyopteris praedentata, Lescuropteris genuina, Mariopteris occidentalis [Fig.

11a illustrates yet another atypical foliar form, haired, by its comparatively narrow, long and linear pinnule, without basal orbicular pinnules, and with a conspicuous acuminate tip.

Venation of pinnule or ultimate axis: 0 = not anastomosing; 1 = anastomosing.

acute to acuminate) tips, sinuses of the pinnule margins reached by one (vs.

In a quantitative analysis of pinnule formation in Adiantum and Cheilanthes, mitotic rates were compared for different developing leaf sectors (Zurakowski & Gifford, 1988).

The proportion of dead frond (brown foliage with no living (green pinnules) coverage in relation to total L.

Caulerpa cupressoides (Figure 1A) is characterized by a creeping axis fixed to the substrate by rhizoids pinnules arranged in the opposite direction, endowed with erect shoots (assimilative) pine tree-shaped distributed around the main axis (TRI, 2009).