The basidia were 64-83x11-22 [micro]m in diam., shaped
clavate to broadly
clavate and 4-spored at the apex.
The MRCA of the FAEC clade was reconstructed as having a markedly widened
clavate to a mushroom-shaped outline, but this state was lost in tribe Cypereae, where the scutellum is more hemispheric in shape, which represents an unambiguous synapomorphy for the tribe.
Migratory behavior of the thornback ray, Raja
clavate, in the southern North Sea.
Using the classification of "bifid" (split into cleft and bifurcate subtypes) and "nonbifid" (split into acinate, obtuse, pediculate, and
clavate), the results show no differences between the subtypes but significant differences in C3-C6 for bifurcated versus nonbifurcated classifications.
Eye bare; arista bare; ocellar seta proclinate, short or weak; outer vertical seta reduced, indistinguishable from postocular seta; frontal setae descending to level of upper third of parafacial, flanked by irregular row of shorter setae; fronto-orbital plate with short and thin setulae from vertex level to lowermost frontal seta; one reclinate orbital seta; proclinate orbital seta absent; parafacial bare except for a few hairs below lowest frontal seta; arista tapering smoothly to apex; first aristomere short; second aristomere slightly longer than wide; vibrissa stout, inserted above level of lower facial margin; palpus
clavate, slightly bowed on apical third and slightly longer than prementum; lower facial margin slightly projected; genal dilation covered with thin black setulae.
2001) the
clavate gonostylus and the triangular pupal antennal horns, slightly serrate on the internal edge.
The family is characterized by flattened and scutate ascomata (thyriothecia), wich are usually ostiolate and develop superficially or in the cuticle of the living host's leaves; the peridium is dark coloured, mostly bluish-green, bluish-black or brown, and has a non-radiate, often meandrous interwoven cells structure (textura epidermoidea); the asci are bitunicate,
clavate to cylindrical, ovate or saccate, and the ascospores are hyaline, long
clavate with mostly more than two transverse septa; the pseudoparaphyses are narrowly cellular and tend to deliquesce in mature specimens and are not always present (Batista, 1959; von Arx & Muller, 1975; Wu et al., 2011; Hyde et al., 2013; Hongsanan et al., 2014).
Gall morphotypes were classified in one of the following categories:
clavate, conical, cylindrical, fusiform, globoid, lenticular, rosette, bivalveshaped, hornshaped, leaf fold, marginal roll and pocket shaped, according to Isaias et al.
1996 Acanthoscurria Ausserer,
Clavate 1871 Pocock 1903; Claviform Perez-Miles et al.