calque


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Related to calque: giardia, loan translation

loanwords and loan translations

English takes many of its words from different languages around the world. These words are broadly known as borrowings, and are subdivided into two categories: loanwords and loan translations.
A loanword is a term taken from another language and used without translation; it has a specific meaning that (typically) does not otherwise exist in a single English word. Sometimes the word’s spelling or pronunciation (or both) is slightly altered to accommodate English orthography, but, in most cases, it is preserved in its original language.
A loan translation (also known as a calque), on the other hand, is a word or phrase taken from another language but translated (either in part or in whole) to corresponding English words while still retaining the original meaning.
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calque

 (kălk)
tr.v. calqued, calque·ing, calques
To make a loan translation from (a word in another language).

[French, from calquer, to trace, copy, from Italian calcare, to press, from Latin calcāre, to tread on, from calx, heel.]
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

calque

(kælk)
n
(Linguistics) another word for loan translation
vb, calques, calquing or calqued
(Art Terms) (tr) another word for calk3
[C20: from French: a tracing, from calquer, from Latin calcāre to tread]
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

calque

(kælk)

n., v. calqued, cal•quing. n. v.t.
2. to form (a word or phrase) through the process of loan translation.
[1655–65; < French, n. derivative of calquer to copy, base on]
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.

calque


Past participle: calqued
Gerund: calquing

Imperative
calque
calque
Present
I calque
you calque
he/she/it calques
we calque
you calque
they calque
Preterite
I calqued
you calqued
he/she/it calqued
we calqued
you calqued
they calqued
Present Continuous
I am calquing
you are calquing
he/she/it is calquing
we are calquing
you are calquing
they are calquing
Present Perfect
I have calqued
you have calqued
he/she/it has calqued
we have calqued
you have calqued
they have calqued
Past Continuous
I was calquing
you were calquing
he/she/it was calquing
we were calquing
you were calquing
they were calquing
Past Perfect
I had calqued
you had calqued
he/she/it had calqued
we had calqued
you had calqued
they had calqued
Future
I will calque
you will calque
he/she/it will calque
we will calque
you will calque
they will calque
Future Perfect
I will have calqued
you will have calqued
he/she/it will have calqued
we will have calqued
you will have calqued
they will have calqued
Future Continuous
I will be calquing
you will be calquing
he/she/it will be calquing
we will be calquing
you will be calquing
they will be calquing
Present Perfect Continuous
I have been calquing
you have been calquing
he/she/it has been calquing
we have been calquing
you have been calquing
they have been calquing
Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been calquing
you will have been calquing
he/she/it will have been calquing
we will have been calquing
you will have been calquing
they will have been calquing
Past Perfect Continuous
I had been calquing
you had been calquing
he/she/it had been calquing
we had been calquing
you had been calquing
they had been calquing
Conditional
I would calque
you would calque
he/she/it would calque
we would calque
you would calque
they would calque
Past Conditional
I would have calqued
you would have calqued
he/she/it would have calqued
we would have calqued
you would have calqued
they would have calqued
Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
Noun1.calque - an expression introduced into one language by translating it from another language; "`superman' is a calque for the German `Ubermensch'"
locution, saying, expression - a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations; "pardon the expression"
Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.
Translations
kalk
käännöslaina
kalkkalkirati
tükörfordítás
lánsþýðing

calque

[kælk] Ncalco m (on de)
Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005
References in periodicals archive ?
Although admittedly a selective juxtaposition of evidence, the general phonetic contours of flamar and, say, phabol are not all that dissimilar, and even a rough phonological correspondence may have furthered the calque or the semantic transfer.
Thus he unravels the layers of words like Morisco, Aljamiado, Ladino, Calque, Islamicist, and European.
Neil Thomas does away with two prejudices about Diu Crone: firstly, that it falls into two discrete parts, an 'abduction of Guinevere' story (down to line 13,901) and a story of how Gawein, after a series of adventures closely based on the Gawan books of Wolfram's Parzival, achieves the Grail (thereafter to the end); secondly, that this second part is a more or less arbitrary attempt to make Gawein, the deuteragonist of Wolfram's poem, into the hero of a romance devoted solely to him--which implies that Diu Crone is simply a second-rate calque on Wolfram.
Baldini insiste inoltre sulla difficolta di tradurre i suoi testi in italiano, pur mirando ad una traduzione "di servizio" la piu letterale possibile ("Preparing this calque presents some difficulties, it's true" 4).
De fait, le strip-tease cree, a sa facon, un nouveau rituel, calque en partie sur les anciens, tant chretiens que paiens, qui repond a un profond besoin.
caesura or cesura plural caesuras or caesurae Late Latin, literally, the act of cutting or felling; a calque of Greek tomecaesura, literally, cutting
(1) The notes describe it as a calque on, or morpheme-by-morpheme translation of, the Old French com cil qui, meaning "for she." (2) Stephen A.
Smithers assumes line 1918 to be a calque on the Old Norse idiom settja hnefann viola ~to strike with the fist against'.